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Fire emergency lighting and evacuating indication is one of the important safety evacuation facilities, "code for fire protection design of buildings", "code for fire protection design of tall buildings and specification for design of automatic fire alarm system on fire shall be set up emergency lighting and evacuation indicating mark place, set the location and mode, arrangement spacing and brightness requirements and control method has made the principle rules.

In engineering practice, emergency lighting for fire accidents can be divided into fire-fighting power supply, centralized storage battery power supply and standby power supply with storage battery, etc., and it can be divided into two kinds of emergency lights for daily use and accidents and special emergency lights.

There are two kinds of evacuation signs: light-storage light-emitting signs and light-emitting signs.

The indicator with light is equipped with a backup battery, which can be divided into two control modes: light when the accident is not on at ordinary times and light all the time.

1. Rationally select the design scheme of emergency lighting power supply and control mode

-- Choosing fire control power supply as emergency lighting power supply.

For places where the fire power supply reaches the first class load, the emergency lighting power supply selects the fire power supply, which has the advantages of reliable power supply, economical and practical, environmental coordination, convenient management, low maintenance cost and so on.

For emergency lighting of fire accident in evacuation corridor and staircase, it is advisable to use special power supply circuit for fire power supply, and common lamps for emergency light for both peacetime and accident.

The emergency lighting of rooms set up in fire control, fire pump room and generator room of the self-provided power shall be connected to the fire control power supply in case of fire.

In the control mode, ordinary switch and intermediate relay can be used in parallel to control the opening and closing of the lamp. In normal times, the repeater is used to normally open contact, and the light is controlled by the ordinary switch. In case of an accident, the repeater can automatically open the emergency lamp by making the normally open point close through relevant signals.

The repeater has two control modes. One is controlled by the contact of the control module of the fire alarm linkage control system. When there is a fire, the normally open point of the repeater is closed by the control module.

The second is to use non-fire power 220V control power supply, when the fire linkage or manually cut off the non-fire power supply, so that the repeater often open point closed, this way is very suitable for hidden trouble rectification project.

-- Use centralized storage battery as power source.

In places with large area and large space without fire power supply, emergency lights should be provided with centralized battery power supply and sent to all emergency lights through separate distribution lines. Lamps are of common type.

The charging power of the central battery is ordinary power. In case of fire, the power will be cut off and the emergency light will work.

-- If fire control power supply and central battery are used as emergency lighting power supply, reliable fire protection measures must be taken for its distribution lines in accordance with relevant regulations.

-- The use of emergency lights with batteries.

Of fire power and architectural layout and function of complex place should be chosen with a battery of emergency light, and should be according to the floor or regional distribution box in the division of the main switch has sole control special charging circuit, should not be with other lighting or share the same socket circuit, to not cut off the power, the influence of other normal keep charging status, maintenance is also conducive to charge and discharge.

In case of fire, the charging power will be disconnected and the emergency light will be lit automatically.

For special emergency lights, the switch on the light should be in the open state.

Even in places with fire power supply, the newly added emergency light during the second decoration can not fully meet the fire protection requirements due to the distribution line, should also choose the emergency light with battery, and should pay attention to the charging circuit of the battery must be connected to the non-fire power supply.

2. Rationally select the design scheme of evacuation indication sign type, power supply and control mode

First, choose the type of evacuation indication sign reasonably.

According to the "Building Regulations", "High regulations" and other relevant fire regulations, light-storage evacuation indication signs can be used in public entertainment places, Internet cafes and other entertainment venues, underground stores evacuation walkways and other main evacuation routes on the ground or near the ground wall.

We should treat them differently in light of specific circumstances.

Light-storage signs should not be used in the halls and evacuation routes that are underlit under normal conditions.

To the place beyond afore-mentioned place, in the day there is sufficient natural lighting and the place that have enough brightness lamplight to illuminate when using, wait like corridor inside workshop of multilayer garment factory, also can choose to accumulate light type to evacuate indicative sign.

Other parts of high-rise buildings and multistory buildings in theaters, gymnasiums, multifunctional auditoriums, hospital wards and other evacuation corridors, evacuation doors should choose light evacuation indication signs.

Secondly, the light type evacuation indicator sign should choose a reasonable power supply and control mode.

The purpose of the evacuation indication sign is the same as that of the emergency lighting. The function is different, so are the requirements.

Light type evacuation indicator signs should be selected with battery as backup power supply, and different control methods should be adopted according to whether they are opened at ordinary times.

In the place where there is a fire power supply, how to keep the evacuation indication signs on the light, should be directly connected to the evacuation indication signs on the fire power supply, charging also with fire power supply, this way is the most reliable.

If the light is not on at ordinary times, it should not be connected to the fire power supply, otherwise the control design is troublesome and the cost is increased, but should be connected to the non-fire power supply, the power control mode is the same as the emergency light with battery.

3. Strengthen maintenance management during operation to ensure good and effective operation

Maintenance management must be strengthened after emergency lights and evacuation indicator signs are set up, otherwise it is easy to damage and malfunction, affecting evacuation and increasing maintenance cost.

The maintenance of different types of emergency lighting and evacuation indication signs should be strengthened from the following aspects: First, for emergency lighting controlled through the fire control room, the functions of control module and intermediate relay should be regularly inspected;

For emergency lights that use fire fighting power through non-fire fighting power control, the control power should be cut off periodically to test the performance of the intermediate relay.

Second, the emergency lights with batteries and evacuation signs should be in a constant charging state, because the standard emergency lights when the battery is full, the internal circuit can automatically turn into trickling floating charging state, will not form overcharging.

To extend the service life of the lamps and lanterns, should every 3 to 6 months charge and discharge once, when the discharge time is less than 30 minutes should be replaced by the battery.

Third, the surface of light-storage evacuation indication signs should be kept clean and replaced regularly.